Antaraal - Online Marathi Magazine: Content / Dec2007

AIDS-B;;rt;;t;Il a;i[; m;h;r;{!M;t;Il

AIDS-B;;rt;;t;Il a;i[; a;p;Dy;; ip;>y; m;h;r;{!M;t;Il

AIDS 1

i#s;e]b;r 2006 cy;; p;ihDy;; a;@v;#Y;t; s;g;Ly;; j;g;;t;Un; k:;hI l;ek: ae#s; idn; s;;j;r; k:r;y;l; k:|n;#;m;Q;e a;le h;et;e. h; s;m;;r]B; y;un;;!e# n;ex;ns; n;e a;y;;eij;t; k:el; h;et;; v; ty;;c; b;;eQ;v;;ky; h;et;] Keep the promise. ty;; s;m;;r]B;;t; hy;Um;n; wmy;Un;;e#eif:ix;ans;I vh;y;rs; ( HIV ) , jy;;n;e m;;n;v;I x;rIr;c;; sv;t;/l; r:j;v;[y;;s;;@I, sv;t;/c;I v;;$ k:r[y;;s;;@I v; dus;Ry;; m;;n;v;I x;rIr;t; p;s;r[y;;s;;@I m;n;s;;eT;: Wp;y;;eg; k:el; a;he ax;; vh;y;rs;c;; s;m;UL Wtp;;t; k:r[y;;s;;@I Hy;; l;ek:;n;I aek:m;ek:;]x;I h;t;im;Lv;[;I k:elI. jy;;]n;I abj;;v;iQ; #;|ls;* Hy;; k:;y;;*s;;@I m;uF;:r k:ele a;het; ax;; s;rk:;rI , K;;j;g;I a;I[; m;;e@m;;e@y;; s;]sq;;]c;e p;d;iQ;k:;rI t;eq;e hj;r h;et;e t;s;ec; Hy;; vh;y;rs; s;;@I n;v;In; a;E{;Q;e a;i[; vaccines x;;eQ;Un; k:;$[;;re x;;sF;NhI hj;r h;et;e. Hy;; WT;m; a;y;;ej;leDy;; s;m;;r}B;;cy;; x;ev;!I m;;F; s;g;Ly;;n;; q;;e#I in;r;x;; a;lI k:;r[; wt;k:e p;Ese; K;c;U*n; v; wt;ky;; p;>y;tn;;a]t;I deK;Il HIV vh;y;rs; aj;Un;hI v;;$t;;ec; a;he v; a;j;im;t;Il; s;v;* j;g;;t; j;v;Lj;v;L 4 k:;e!I l;ek: Hy;; vh;y;rs;c;e ix;k:;r z;;le a;het;.

1981 s;;lI am;eirk:et;Il CDC ( Center for Diesease control and prevention ) n;e s;v;*p;>q;m; l;|s; a|}j;eils;, k:|ilf:;ein;*y;;m;Qy;e c;;r s;m;il]g;I p;ur:{;;t; h; vh;y;rs; im;L;Dy;;c;e j;;hIr k:ele. ty;;t;Dy;; d;eG;;]c;; ny;Um;;ein;y;; v; f:]g;l wnf:ekx;n;n;e m;&ty;U z;;l; h;et;;. p;r]t;u ty;;b;àl k:;e[;I s;K;;el iv;c;;r k:el; n;vht;;. k:;hIt;rI n;vy;; vh;y;rs;m;uLe t;e m;ele as;t;Il as;; ty;;v;eLI k:y;;s; k:el; g;el;.p;r]t;u lv;k:rc; ny;Uy;;\k:* v; am;eirk:et;Il a;i[; j;g;;t;Il wt;rhI m;;e@y;; x;hr;t; ax;;c; p;>k:;rc;e r:g[; as;Dy;;c;e k:Lle .p;iSc;m; aif>:k:; v; hEt;I y;; dex;;t; y;; p;>k:;rc;e r:g[; as;Dy;;c;I m;;iht;I h;et;I (v; b;huQ;; ty;;c; dex;;t;Il l;ek:;]n;I am;eirk:et; ae#s; vh;y;rs; p;s;rv;l; ). am;eirke:t;Il v;Eêik:y; Z;eF;;t;Il l;ek: t;rIhI Hy;; r;eg;;k:#e g;]B;Irp;[;e b;G;;y;l; t;y;;r n;vht;e. k:;e[;ty;;hI j;;hIr k:;y;*F;:m;;t; ae#s; h; x;bd v;;p;r;y;l; t;tk:;lIn; aQy;Z; r;|n;D# rIg;n; t;y;;r n;vht;e. aev;$c; n;vhe t;r ae#s;s;;@I t;p;;s; k:r[y;;c;I j;r:r a;he as;e Wp;;Qy;;Z; b;ux; Hy;;]n;I j;;hIr v;T;:vy; k:eDy;;m;uLe ty;;]n;; ty;;v;eLI c;;]g;lIc; t;]b;I de[y;;t; a;lI h;et;I.p;r]t;u am;eirk:ec;; m;|i!n;I a;y;#;|l r;|k: h#s;n; ae#s;n;e m;eDy;;c;I b;;t;m;I j;evh; s;g;LIk:#e p;s;rlI t;evh; j;[;U B;Uk:]p; z;;l;.Hy;; s;n;s;n;;!I b;;t;m;In;]t;r s;v;* v;t;*m;;n;p;F;;]cy;; du/K;d in;Q;n; Hy;; rk:;ny;;t; dex;;t;le an;ek: t;r:[; K;eL;#U,, k:l;k:;r, leK;k:, s;]g;It;t;N a;I[; s;m;;j;;t;le p;>it;{@It; l;ek: Hy;; r;eg;;c;e b;LI p;#le a;het; as;e v;;r]v;;r %;p;Un; y;;y;l; l;g;le. p;[; ty;;n;]t;rhI K;Up; idv;s; ae#s; h; r;eg; am;eirk:et;Il G;e!;e v; slms;p;urt;; m;y;;*idt; a;he as;e v;;!t; h;et;e.p;[; j;evh; a;ix;y;; v; y;ur;ep; K;]#;t;hI ax;;c; p;>k:;rc;e r:g[; a;$L;y;l; s;ur:v;;t; z;;lI t;evh; m;;F; s;g;Ly;; j;g;;t;Dy;; s;rk:;r;]n;; h; j;;g;it;k: p;;t;LIv;rc;; r;eg; a;he Hy;;c;I K;;F;I p;!lI v; s;g;Le K;#b;#Un; j;;g;e z;;le.q;;e#y;; v;{;;*]t;c; m;|ij;k: j;;|ns;n; n;;v;;cy;; b;;sk:e!b;;|l K;eL;#U ne; a;i[; wt;rhI k:;hI p;>it;i{@t; l;ek:;]n;I sv;t;/l; ae#s; z;;Dy;;c;e j;;hIr k:ele.

ae#s; hY; re;g;;c;; p;>s;;r k:r[;;r; n;v;In; vh;y;rs; -

k:;e@cy;;t;rI n;v;In; vh;y;rs;m;uLe h; r;eg; p;s;rt;;ey; Hy;;c;I le;k:;n;; j;;[;Iv; h;et;I . 1983 s;;lI luk: m;;e]!|ign;y;r ( Luc Montagnier ) Hy;; p;|irs; x;hr;t;Il Pasteur wins;!YU!m;Q;e k:;m; k:r[;;Ry;; f>:e]c; x;;sF;N;n;e p;>q;m; h; vh;y;rs; x;;eQ;l;. ae#s; r;eg;;c;I l;g;[; h;eW:n; m;eleDy;; j;g;;t;Il s;v;* l;ek:;]cy;; rT;:;m;Q;e t;;e vh;y;rs; im;L;l;. vh;y;rs;m;Q;e m;;e]!|ign;y;rl; K;;lIl m;htv;;cy;; g;;e{!I a;$LDy;;.

AIDS 2

1. h; re!M;evh;y;rs; a;he mh[;j;e s;g;LI m;;iht;I #Iane;aecy;; (DNA )aEv;j;I a;raen;eae (RNA)m;Qe; s;;@v;lelI a;he.
2. t;;e g;;el;k:;r as;Un; ty;;cy;; b;;Hy;B;;g;;t; j;Ip;I 41 (GP 41 )n;;v;;cy;; p;>iq;n;;l; j;Ip;I 120 (GP 120 )n;;v;;c;e aek: p;>iq;n; ic;k:!lele a;$Lle.
3. p;&{@B;;g;;cy;; a;t; aek:; j;;g;I p;I 25 (P25) n;;v;;c;e aek: p;>iq;n; h;et;e.ty;;t; reverse transcriptase (RT),n;;v;;c;e aek: d>vy; h;et;e j;e RNA c;I m;;iht;I DNA l; p;urv;t; h;et;e. ( ae#s; iv;r;eQ;I a;E{;Q;e in;m;;*[; k:r[y;;r; v;eg;v;eg;LY;; f:;m;;*sy;ui!k:l k:]p;ny;;n;I Hy;; RT l; m;htv;;c;] lZy; k:el] a;he. )

aek:; v;{;;*n;]t;r b;eq;es#;, m;eirl]# m;Q;Il NIH ( n;|x;n;l wis!!YU!U a;|f: heDq;) m;Q;Il r;|b;!* g;|l;e n;;v;;cy;; x;;sF;N;n;edeK;Il v;rIl p;>k:;rc;;c; x;;eQ; l;v;l;. h; K;Up; m;htv;;c;; x;;eQ; as;Dy;;m;uLe n;]t;rc;I ik:ty;ek: v;{;* Hy;; x;;eQ;;c;; m;UL j;n;k: k:;e[; Hy;;b;äl wt;k:e v;;d c;;lU z;;le k:I d;enhI dex;;]cy;; s;rk:;rl; ty;;]c;I dK;l Gy;;y;l; l;g;lI. s;rte;x;ev;!I m;;F; luk: m;;e]!|ign;y;r h;c; Hy;; vh;y;rs;cy;; x;;eQ;;c;; m;UL j;n;k: as;Dy;;c;e a;i[; r;|b;!* g;|l;ecy;; s;]x;;eQ;n;;m;uLe f>e:]c; x;;sF;N;cy;; s;]x;;eQ;n;;l; duj;;er; im;L;l; as;e d;enhI dex;;]n;; m;;ny; k:r;v;ec; l;g;le . Hy;; x;;eQ;;t; 1987 s;;lI r;|]b;!* g;|le;n;e aj;Un; aek: B;r G;;t;lI. ty;;n;e r:g[;;cy;; rT;:;t;l; vh;y;rs; x;;eQ;Un; k:;$;y;l; aek: bl#!es! x;;eQ;Un; k:;$lI. am;eirk:n; s;rk:;rn;e ty;;c;e aek: p;e!]! b;n;v;Un; t;I !es! f:;m;;*sy;ui!k:l v; b;;y;e;!ek: k:]p;ny;;n;; iv;k:lI. hY; !es!m;uLe ae#s; vh;y;rs;c;; s;]s;g;* z;;lele h;|sp;I!lm;Q;le rT;:d;n;;s;;@I v;;p;rle j;;[;;re rT;: b;;j;Ul; k:;$[y;;t; f:;rc; m;dt; z;;lI. ty;;m;uLe ax;; s;]s;g;*j;ny; rT;:d;n;;m;uLe jy;;]c;e p;>;[; Q;;eky;;t; a;le as;t;e ax;;]c;e p;>;[; v;;c;le. Hy;; !es!m;uLe in;r;eg;I p;r]t;u jy;;]cy;;m;Qe; Hy;; vh;y;rs;c;; ix;rk:;v; z;;l; a;he ax;I m;;[;s;e x;;eQ;Un; k:;$;y;l;deK;Il m;dt; z;;lI a;he.ty;;c;p;>m;;[;e ae#s;c;I l;g;[; z;;leDy;; r;egy;;c;; x;ev;!cy;; isq;t;It; j;;wp;y;*t;c;; p;>v;;s;hI Hy;; !es!m;uLe k:Lt;;e.

HIV vh;y;rs; m;uLe ae#s; k:s;; h;et;;e ?

x;rIr;t;Dy;; p;;]$Ry;; p;ex;It;Dy;; ilmf:;es;;w! (Lymphocytes) Hy;; p;ex;I]m;Qy;e wmy;uin;!I mh[;j;ec; r;eg;p;>it;b;]Q;k: x;iT;: as;t;e !I a;I[; b;I (T and B) ase; Hy;; ilmf:;es;;w! p;ex;Ic;e d;en; p;>k:;r as;t;;t;. in;rin;r;Ly;; a|i!b;;|#I v; rs;;y;n;;c;I in;m;I*t;I k:r:n; ty;; a;p;Dy;; x;rIr;c;I v;eg;v;eg;Ly;; j;Iv;;[;Up;;s;Un; t;s;ec; k\:]ns;rp;;s;Un; rZ;[; k:rt; as;t;;t;. x;rIrs;]B;;eg;;à;r; p;ur:{;;cy;; v;Iy;;*t;Un; HIV vh;y;rs; h; dus;Ry;; vy;iT;:cy;; rT;:;t; ix;rk:;v; k:rt;;e. t;eq;e vh;y;rs;c;; !I a;I[; b;I ilmf:;es;;w!x;I s;]b;]Q; y;et;;e. vh;y;rs;cy;; p;&{@B;;g;;v;rIl j;Ip;I 120- (GP 120) Hy;; p;>iq;n;;c;; !I4( T4 )ilmf:;es;;w!cy;; p;&{@B;;g;;v;rIl s;I#I 4 (CD4 )Hy;; p;>iq;n;;x;I iv;x;e{; lg;;v; as;t;;e. j;Ip;I 41-( GP 41 ) he vh;y;rs;cy;; p;&{@B;;g;;v;rIl p;>iq;n; !I 4 –(T4 )ilmf:;es;;w! v;rIl fy;Uj;n; irs;ep!rb;re;b;r j;;e#le j;;t;e. Hy;; d;enhI j;uL[;Im;uLe vh;y;rs;c;; ilmf:;es;;w!m;Q;e ix;rk:;v; h;et;;e. T4 ilmf:;es;;w!m;Qe; ij;t;k:e j;;st; vh;y;rs; ix;rt;;t; it;t;ky;; p;>m;;[;t; t;eq;Il CD4 irs;ep!s;* k:m;I h;et;;t;. vh;y;rs;m;Q:Il RT he rs;;y;n; ilmf:;es;;w!m;Q;Il RNA c;e G;!k: v;;p;r:n; sv;t;+ DNA b;n;v;t; as;t;;t;. he n;v;In; t;y;;r z;;lelel DNA ilmf;:;es;;w!m;Qe; as;leDy;; DNA x;I s;|lgn; h;et;e. Hy;; p;ex;Im;Qy;e t;y;;r z;;leDy;; a|i!b;;|#I r;egy;;cy;; x;rIr;t; k:;y;*rt; as;Dy;;m;uLe l;g;[; z;;Dy;;n;]t;r p;ihlI k:;hI v;{;* r;eg;I in;r;eg;I v;;!t;;e. p;r]t;u Hy;; le!ns;I k:;L;n;]t;r m;;F; l;g;[; z;;leDy;; T4 p;ex;Im;Q;ec; n;v;In; vh;y;rs; t;y;;r h;et;;t;.p;r]t;u k:;hI k:;L;n;e T 4 ilmf;:es;;w!c;I s;]Ky;; k:m;I h;et;e a;i[; ty;;m;uLe r;egy;;c;I r;eg;p;>it;b;]Q;k: x;iT;: k:m;I h;et;e v; t;;e k:;e[;ty;;hI b;|k!eiry;; ik]:v;; vh;y;rs;c;; ix;k:;r h;et;;e. k:;hI k:;L;n;]t;r x;rIr;t; j;evh; vh;y;rs;c;e p;>m;;[; v;;$t;e t;evh; m;;F; r;egy;;l; pneumocystis carinii and candida ax;; v;eg;v;eg;Ly;; f:]g;l wnfe:kx;n;c;; dud*Ev;I s;;m;n;; k:r;v;; l;g;t;;e. p;ir[;;m;I ny;Um;;ein;y;; h;eW:n; ty;;t;c; r;eg;I dg;;v;t;;e. ae#s; vh;y;l; 10 –- 12 v;{;;*c;; k:;L j;;y;l; l;g;t;;e. j;s;j;s;; r;eg; v;;$t;;e t;s;t;s;] re;gy;;cy;; x;rIr;t;Il CD 4 c;] p;>m;;[; k:m;I h;et;]. ty;;m;uLe CD 4 c;I t;p;;s;[;I k:r[;e h; ae#s;c;e m;;p;n; k:r[;;rI aek: m;htv;;c;I !es! a;he. s;m;ilg;I, iv;r:àil]g;I, jy;;n;; v;;r]v;;r rT;:d;n;;c;I j;r:r as;t;ee iv;x;e{;t;/ Haemophiliac s;;rKy;; k:;hI rT;:;cy;; a;j;;r;m;Q;e, t;s;ec; j;e n;x;IlI a;E{;Q;;c;; v;;p;r k:rt;;n;; G;;[;er#y;; s;uy;; v;;p;rt;;t; ax;; l;ek:;]m;Q;e ae#s;c;; p;>;duB;;*v; a;$Lt;;e.

ae#s;v;rIl a;E{;Q;e

RT c;I v;;$ q;;]]b;v;[;;re AZT he a;E{;Q; gl|ks;;e v;elk:m; k:]p;n;In;e s;v;*p;>q;m; t;y;;r k:ele. he a;E{;Q; K;r] mh[;j;e a;Q;I k:|ns;rs;;@I in;m;;*[; k:ele g;ele h;et;e. Hy;; a;E{;Q;;m;uLe ae#s; b;r; vh;y;c;; n;;hI p;[; ty;;c;I v;;$ m;;F; K;]u!;y;c;I. ty;;n;]t;r an;ek: f:;m;;*sy;ui!k:l k:]p;ny;;n;I n;v;In; a;E{;Q;e t;y;;r k:elI p;r]t;u t;I deK;Il AZT s;;rK;Ic; m;h;g;#I , v;;p;r;y;l; ik:c;k:! v; x;rIr;v;r K;Up; G;;t;k: p;ir[;;m; k:r[;;rI h;et;I. p;r]t;u ty;; a;E{;Q;;]cy;;m;uLe s;]s;g;* z;;leDy;; p;ex;I]c;e p;>m;;[; m;;F; k:m;I h;eW:n; r;egy;;c;e a;y;u{y; v;;$U l;g;le. ty;;n;]t;r k:;hI f:;m;;*sy;ui!k:l k:]p;ny;;n;I protease inhibitors as;lelI a;E{;Q; x;;eQ;lI t;evh; m;;F; ae#s;cy;; r;egy;;n;; j;[;U v;rd;n; im;L;l. Protease he diq;n;;]c;; n;;x; k:rt;e. Hy;; a;E{;Q;;m;uLe T4 ilmf:;es;;w! Hy;; p;ex;It; vh;y;rs; c;; ix;rk:;v; h;eW: x;k:t; n;;hI. Hy;; k:]p;ny;;n;I t;In; v;eg;v;eg;Le protease inhibitors as;lele a;E{;Q; b;;j;;r;t; a;[;le. Anti-retroviral therapy Hy;; n;;v;;K;;lI b;;j;;r;t; a;[;lele he a;E{;Q; ty;;cy;; G;;t;k: p;ir[;;m;;m;uLe m;;F; j;;st; k:;L v;;p;rt;; y;et; n;s;le t;rI ty;;n;e x;rIr;t;l; vh;y;rs;c;e p;>m;;[; k:m;I h;eW:n; r;egy;;l; b;r] v;;!;y;l; m;dt; h;et;e. p;[; ty;;b;re;b;rc; a;E{;Q;;l; n; j;um;;n;[;;Ry;; j;]t;Uc;e p;>m;;[;hI v;;$t;e. r;egy;;l; q;;e#]s;] b;r] v;;!;y;l; l;g;l] t;rI ty;;l; m;I k:;y;m;c;; b;r; z;;l;e as;] v;;!Un; k:;hI r;eg;I s;]B;;eg;;l; s;urv;;t; k:O l;g;le. p;ir[;;m;I ae#s; q;;]b;;y;cy;; aEv;j;I j;;st;c; p;s;O l;g;l;.

ae#s;p;>it;b;]Q;k: ls;

ae#s;c;e j;]t;U m;;r[;;rI ls; (vaccine) mh[;j;e ae#s;v;r aek: WT;m; wl;j; as;el. j;g;B;r;t;Il v;eg;v;eg;Ly;; f:;m;;*sy;ui!k:l v; b;;y;;e!k: k:]p;ny;;, p;>y;;eg;x;;L; y;;t;Il x;;sF;N ax;I ls; x;;eQ;[y;;c;; p;>y;tn; k:rt; a;het;.p;r]t;u y;; p;>y;tn;;]n;; a;j;v;r y;x; a;lel] n;;hI. ty;;s;;@I aQ;*v;! v;; p;U[;*p;[;e m;;rlele ae#s;ec;e j;]t;U v;;p;r[;e h; aek: s;v;*m;;ny; m;;g;* a;he. p;r]t;u ae#s;m;Q;e ax;I ls; v;;p;r[;e Q;;ek:;d;y;I a;he. k:;r[; vh;y;rs;m;Q;Il RNA v;r as;leDy;; m;;iht;Ic;; Wp;y;;eg; k:r:n; ty;; vd;re x;rIr;t; ik:t;It;rI t;s;ec; n;v;In; j;Iv;;[;U t;y;;r h;eW: x;k:t;Il. t;s;] z;;l] t;r aeK;;ê; r;eg; n; z;;leDy;; vy;iT;:m;Q;e deK;Il Hy;; r;eg;;c;I l;g;[; h;eW: x;k:el. ty;;m;uLe aeK;;d; in;r:p;d>v;I vh;y;rs; G;eW:n; ty;;cy;; p;&{@B;;g;;v;r gp120, gp41 and core p25 t;y;;r k:r;y;c;e h; dus;r; m;;g;* a;he. as; k:eDy;;s; Hy;; vy;iT;:m;Q;e a|i!b;;|#Ic;e p;>m;;[; v;;$Un; ae#s;cy;; vh;y;rs;l; p;>it;b;]Q; h;eW: x;ke:l.p;r]t;u Hy;; a|i!b;;|#I f:T;: p;>y;;eg;;x;;Let;Il !es! !y;Ub;m;Q;ec; vh;y;rs; k:m;I k:r[y;;t; y;x;sv;I z;;leDy;; a;het;. m;;n;v;I v;; p;>;[y;;cy;; x;rIr;t; n;;hI. vh;y;rs; h; ilmf:;es;;w!cy;; DNA m;Q;e as;Dy;;m;uLe a\i!b;;\#Ic;I in;m;I*t;I h;eW:n; p;!k:n; vh;y;rs;c;] p;>m;;[; k:m;I vh;y;l; p;;ihj;e h;et; e p;r]t;u t;s;] z;;l] n;;hI. ty;;ix;v;;y; ae#s; vh;y;rs; m;Q;e p;!;p;! b;dl ( Mutations ) h;et;;t; ty;;m;uLe gp120, gp 41 and p25 m;Q;e deK;Il b;dl h;et;;t;.a;I[; ty;;m;uLe ls; in;r:p;y;;eg;I @rt;e.

1981 s;;lI x;;eQ; l;g;Dy;;p;;s;Un; a;j;t;;g;;y;t; j;g;;t; ae#s;m;uLe 2.5 k:;e!I l;ek:;c;; m;&ty;U z;;l; a;he v; s;;Q;;r[;t;+ 45000 l;g;[; z;;lele r;eg;I aj;Un; hy;;t; a;het;.2005 s;;l;p;;s;Un; 29 l;K; l;ek: m;&ty;Um;K;I p;#le a;het; a;i[; 43 l;K; l;ek:;]n;; l;g;[; z;;lI a;he.j;g;;t;Dy;; p;>ty;ek: dex;;t; v;eg;v;eg;Ly;; p;>m;;[;;t; ae#s;c;; p;>s;;r z;;l; a;he.a;t;;p;y;*t; s;;W:q; aif>:ek:em;Q;ec; s;v;;*t; j;;st; l;g;[; z;;lele r;eg;I h;et;e p;[; 30 m;e 2006 r;ej;I y;Un;;en;e p;>k:;ix;t; k:eleDy;; ahv;;l;n;us;;r B;;rt;;n;e y;; b;;b;t;It; diZ;[; aif>:k:el; m;;g;e !;k:le a;he. B;;rt;;t; 57 l;K; l;ek:;n;; l;g;[; z;;lI a;he t;r diZ;[; aif>:k:et; f:T;: 55 l;K; l;ek:;]n;;. mh[;j;ec; a;ix;y;; K;]#;t;Il r;egy;;p;Ek:I 2=3 r;eg;I B;;rt;;t; a;het;.h; a;k:#; B;;rt;;t;Il j;n;s;]Ky;ecy;; t;uln;et; f:T;: 1 !kk:; as;Dy;;m;uLe diZ;[; aif>:k:ecy;; 22 !kky;;p;eZ;; j;rI k:m;I ids;t; as;l; t;rI hI aek: du/K;d;y;k: s;ty;isq;t;I a;he.j;g;;t;le s;v;* ae#s;c;e t;N a;I[; v;D#* heDq; a;\g;*n;;y;z;x;n;cy;; l;ek:;]c; as; mh[;[; a;he k:I j;r B;;rt; s;rk:;rn;e h; re;g; r;eK;[y;;s;;@I k:;hI t;;t;#Ic;I Wp;;y;y;;ej;n;; k:elI n;;hI t;r h; a;k:#; aj;Un;c; v;;$[;;r a;he.

B;;rt;;t;Il ae#s;c;I p;ihl; r;eg;I 1986 s;;lI c;enn;w*m;Q;e s;;p;#l;. B;;rt; s;rk:;rn;e Hy;; g;;e{!Ic; m;htv; j;;[;Un; t;;b;#t;;eb; n;|x;n;l ae#s; k:]!M;el a;|g;*n;;y;z;ex;n; ( NACO ) Hy;; s;]sq;ec;I heDq; im;n;Is!MIK;;lI sq;;p;n;; k:elI. j;n;j;;g;&t;I k:r[;e ,rT;:t;p;;s;[;I k:r:n; n;v;In; r;eg;I x;;eQ;[;e v; as;elDy;;v;r n;j;r @ev;[;e as;e y;; s;]sqe;c;e k:;y;* a;he.p;r]t;u c;;]g;lI s;]sq;;WB;;r[;I z;;lelI n;s;Dy;;m;uLe t;s;ec; Hy;; iv;{;y;;t;le p;U[;* N;n; as;lele x;;sF;N v; #;\k!s;*c;; aB;;v; as;Dy;;m;uLe s;]sq;; k:;hI k:;y;* k:r: x;k:lI n;;hI. ty;;c; b;re;b;r ae#s; as;[;;Ry;; l;ek:;]m;Q;e j;;W:n; ty;;]c;I k:;Lj;I G;e[;;Ry;; s;m;;j;s;ev;k:;]c;; t;s;ec; n;s;leDy;;]n;; ae#s;b;äl m;;iht;I ix;k:v;[;;Ry;; m;;[;s;;]c;;hI aB;;v; h;et;;.ty;;m;uLe B;;rt; s;rk:;rc;; NACO h; Wp;k>:m; f:s;l;. ty;;n;]t;r B;;rt; s;rk:;rn;e p;>ty;ek: r;jy;;l; ae#s;c;I s;;q; q;;]b;v;[y;;s;;@I sv;;y;T;t;; v; p;Es;; idl; p;[; ty;;m;uLe p;irisq;t;I aiQ;k:c; K;r;b; z;;lI. 90cy;; dx;k:;t; WHO n;e ae#s; x;;eQ;[y;;s;;@I sv;st; s;;Q;n;e ( kits ) idlI p;r]t;u am;eirk:et;Il b;;y;;e!ek: k:]p;ny;;n;I t;y;;r k:elelI sv;st; s;;Q;n;edeK;Il B;;rt;;t;Il s;v;*s;;Q;;r[; m;;[;s;;l; m;h;g;c; v;;!;y;c;I. t;s;c; ty;;m;Q;Un; f:T;: am;eirke:t; ae#s; f:El;v;[;;re j;]t;U (virus) x;;eQ;le j;;y;c;e. B;;rt;;t; ae#s; dus;Ry;; p;>k:;rcy;; AIDS virus m;uLe he;t;;e. p;ir[;;m;I ik:ty;ek: r;eg; l;g;leDy;; m;;[;s;;cy;; rT;:;c;I t;p;;s;[;I z;;Dy;;n;]t;r ty;;c;; in;k:;l r;eg; n; l;g;lele (False Negatives )as;; vh;y;c;;. j;g;;t;Il an;ek: t;N;n;I ae#s;c;; B;;rt;;t;Il z;p;;!y;;n;e h;e[;;r; p;>s;;r q;;]b;v;[y;;s;;@I Wp;;y;y;;ej;n;; s;uc;v;lI t;s;ec; UNAIDS , EngenderHealth ,ib;l m;eil]#; g;e!s; f:;W:#ex;n; ,y;; s;;rKy;; j;g;;t;Dy;; v;eg;v;eg;Ly;; s;]sq;;n;I B;;rt; s;rk:;rl; k:r;e#e; #;\ls;* idle p;r]t;u B;;rt;;t;Il a;re;gy;m;]Fy;;n;I ty;;k:#e p;;r #;eLez;;k: k:elI. am;eirk:et;Il v;;\ix;]g!n; r;jy;;t;Il ij;m; m;|k:#m;*! (Jim Mcdermatt) y;;n;e in;d;n; b;;r; v;eL; B;;rt;;cy;; v;;Ry;; k:eDy;; v; B;;rt; h; ae#s;cy;; b;;b;t;It; z;;ep;lel; r;Z;s; a;he. t;eq;ee a;j;v;r k:r;e#e; #;\]ls;* v;;y;; G;;lv;lele a;het; ty;;m;uLe aj;Un;hI GDP cy;; 1% rkk:m; v;;y;; j;;[;;r a;he as;e in;v;edn; ke:le. aif>:k:; dh; v;{;;*p;Uv;I* jy;; !ppy;;v;r h;et;I ty;; !ppy;;v;r a;j; B;;rt; a;he ax;; x;bd;t; B;;rt;;l; s;;v;Q; k:r;y;c;; p;>y;tn; k:el;. p;r]t;u B;;rt; s;rk:;r Hy;; b;;b;t;It; as; k:;hI z;;lele a;he he k:b;Ul k:r;y;l;c; t;y;;r n;vht;e. 90 dx;k:;cy;; p;Uv;;*Q;;*t; B;;rt;;c;e k:e]d<>Iy; a;r;egy;m;]F;I b;I. x;]k:r;n;]d Hy;;n;I t;r am;eirk:et; aek: m;ul;K;t; deW:n; B;;rt;;t;Il ae#s;c;; Wg;;c;c; k:;r[;;ix;v;;y; m;;e@; b;;W: k:el; j;;t; a;he as; iv;Q;;n; k:el. (India Abroad, July15, 1994 and Jan.19, 2007). t;e p;u$e mh[;;le, B;;rt;;t;le ae#s;c;e a;k:#ee K;re n;;hIt;. B;;rt;Iy; s;m;;j; h; p;;r]p;;irk: a;he. p;;iSc;m;;ty;;]c;I b;hk:lelI s;]sk:&t;I wq;e a;$L[;;r n;;hI . s;v;* p;irisq;t;I a;m;cy;; t;;by;;t; a;lI as;Un; B;;rt;;t; k:;hIhI g;]B;Ir s;m;sy;; vh;y;c;I x;ky;t;; n;;hI. ty;;c;b;r;eb;r ty;;]n;I as;ehI s;;]ig;t;le k:I B;;rt;;m;Q;e aek: a;y;u*v;ed;t; in;{[;;t; as;lelI vy;iT;: a;he j;Ie a;y;uv;e*d;t; s;;]ig;t;leDy;; wl;j;;n;us;;r s;v;* j;g;;t;Dy;; ae#s;cy;; re;g;;c;; n;;x; k:rel. k:;hI v;{;;*t;c; Hy;; vy;iT;:l; Hy;; m;htv;;cy;; k:;y;;*s;;@I n;;eb;el p;>;wz; im;L[;;r a;he.

2002 s;;lI US National Intelligence Council n;e k:eleDy;; B;;ik:t;;m;uuLe B;;rt;;t; g;d;r;eL W@l;.. ty;; B;;ik:t;;n;us;;r 2010 s;;l;p;y;*t; 2.5 k:;e!I ik:]v;; 5 % B;;rt;Iy; j;n;t;; ae#s;m;uLe vy;;iQ;g;>st; h;ew*l. h; a;k:#; s;;Q;;r[;p;[;e aif>:ek:t;Dy;; s;]Ky;ecy;; b;r;eb;rIt; a;he. h; ahv;;l b;;;her a;Dy;;n;]t;r t;tk:;iln; a;re;gy;m;]F;I x;F;uGn; is;nh; y;;]n;I am;eirk:ec;e r;j;dUt; r|;b;!* b;|k:v;el v; m;;y;F;:;es;;|f!c;e ib;l g;e!s; y;;]c;; B;;rt;Iy; B;Um;It; y;eW:n; ax;I b;ej;b;;b;d;r iv;Q;;n;e k:eDy;;b;äl in;{;eQ; k:el;.ty;;]n;; Indian Council of Medical Research s;]sq;ec;e m;uKy; Hy;;]c;;hI p;U[;* p;;i@]b;; im;L;l;. ty;;t;Dy;; k:;hI m;;is;k:;]cy;; s;]p;;dk:;]n;I Hy;; s;v;* wx;;Ry;;]c;; it;s;Ry;; j;g;;b;äl as;lelI p;;iSc;m;;ty;;c;I K;;e!I B;It;I as;;hI in;{k:{;* k:;$l;.

am;eirk:et; rh;[;;Ry;; m;r;@I NRI s;;@I aek: du/K;d K;b;r

a;p;l; ip;>y; m;h;r;{!M he B;;rt;;t;Il ae#s; as;lele p;>q;m; F;:m;;]k:;c;e r;jy; a;he. ae#s;c;I s;;q; x;hr;t; v; g;>;m;I[; B;;g;;t; z;p;;!y;;n;e p;s;rt; a;he. m;h;r;{!M;b;r;eb;rc; a;]Q;> p;>dex;, t;;im;ln;;#U, k:n;;*!k: , n;;g;;l\# a;I[; m;[;Ip;ur y;; r;jy;;t;hI ae#s;c;e p;>m;;[; z;p;;!y;;n;e v;;$t; a;he. n;;g;;l\# a;I[; m;[;Ip;ur y;; r;jy;;t; n;x;Ile p;d;q;* v;;p;rDy;;m;uLe ae#s; p;s;rt;;e a;he. a;]Q;>Mp;>dex;, t;;im;ln;;#U v; k:n;;*!k: -iv;x;e{;t;+ t;;im;ln;;#Um;Q;e -ae#s; q;;]b;v;[y;;s;;@I K;Up; j;;er;t; Wp;;y;y;;ej;n;; r;b;v;lI j;;t; a;he v; t;I y;x;sv;IhI h;et; a;he.it;q;Dy;; g;Ers;rk:;rI s;]sq;;]c;e ( NGO ) c;;lk: b;Ry;;c; v;eL; am;erik:et; y;eW:n; wq;Dy;; t;N;]x;I b;;t;c;It; k:rt;;t; ,in;Q;I j;m;v;t;;t;. p;r]t;u ax;; p;>k:;r;c;I k:s;lIhI c;Lv;L m;h;r;{!M;t; a;$Lt; n;;hI.ty;;m;uLe m;h;r;{!M;cy;; in;rin;r;Ly;; B;;g;;t; h; r;eg; p;s;rt; a;he.m;h;r;{!M;c;e m;uKy;m;]F;I p;>ty;ek: b;&hn;m;h;r;{!Mm;]#L;cy;; s;]m;eln;;l; Wp;isq;t; rh;t;;t; p;r]t;u aek:d;hI ty;;n;I m;h;r;{!M;t;Il K;rI p;irisq;t;I a;p;Dy;;l; iv;x;d k:r:n; s;;]ig;t;lelI n;;hI. s;]m;el;n;;t;Il ty;;]c;I B;;{;[; ag;dI k:;hIhI m;uäe n;s;lelI , p;;ek:L as;t;;t; ty;;]n;; f:T;: p;>eZ;k:;]cy;; !;Ly;;c;I ap;eZ;; as;t;e. wt;r r;jy;;p;;duB;;*v; a;Q;I z;;l; h;et;;. p;r]t;u hLUhLU it;q;Un; s;urv;;t; h;eW:n; t;;e r;eg; s;m;;j;;t;Il Wcc;B;>U l;ek:;x;I s;]b;]Q; a;leDy;; XIm;]t; l;ek:;t; p;s;rl; p;[; a;t;; m;;F; t;;e s;v;*s;;Q;;r[; j;n;t;et; p;s;rt; a;he. Wd;hr[;;q;* x;hr;t; n;;ek:rIl; as;lele n;v;re j;evh; g;;v;I j;;t;;t; t;evh; ty;;]cy;; b;;y;k:;]n;;hI h; r;eg; h;et;;e. m;u]b;w*p;u[y;;s;;Ky;; m;e;e@y;; x;hr;t;Il k:;hI m;Qy;m;v;g;I*y; sF;Ip;ur:{;;t;hI ae#s;c;e j;Iv;;[;U s;;p;#le a;het;. m;Qy;m;v;g;;*t;Il b;;y;k:;n;; x;rIrs;b];]Q;;b;äl b;;el[;e p;s;]t; n;s;t;e hI it;q;lI aek: m;uKy; s;m;sy;; a;he. j;r aeK;;ê; p;ur:{;;l; h; r;eg; l;g;l; t;r t;;e ty;;cy;; b;;y;k:;el; de;{; det;;ee a;i[; j;r b;;y;k:;et; h; re;g; a;$Ll; t;r t;I s;m;;j;;t;Un; b;;her f:ek:lI j;;t;e. ty;;m;uLe m;UL s;m;sy;et; v;;$ h;et;e. n;vv;dIcy;; dx;k:;t; an;ek: v;eL; m;I m;;zy;; B;;rt;B;e!It; b;Ry;;c; p;>y;;eg;x;;L;n;; B;e!I idDy;;. ty;;t; aek: s;rk:;rI l\b; NARI ( National Aids research Institute), ij;l; w}i#y;n; k:;Eins;l a;|f: m;ei#k:l iris;c;*k:#Un; m;dt; im;Lt;e ) it;c;;hI s;m;;v;ex; h;et;;. hI l|b; p;u[y;;cy;; b;;her as;elDy;; y;erv;#; g;;v;;t; v;s;lelI a;he.ae#s; s;;@I s;]p;U[;* B;;rt;;t;Il t;I s;v;;e*tk:&{! l|b; a;he.p;r]t;u m;l; as;] a;$LUn; a;l] k:I it;q;Dy;; x;;sF;N;]n;; m;;F; ae#s;iv;{;y;I p;ures;e ix;Z;[; im;L;lele n;vht;e. ty;;]n;; vh;y;rs; as;lele rT;: k:s;e t;p;;s;;y;l; p;;ihj;e y;;c;; an;uB;v; n;vht;;. it;q;le j;;[;t;e l;ek: v;; ty;;]cy;; s;hk:;Ry;;]n;; t;r t;e irp;;e!*s; k:x;; rIt;In;e v;;c;;y;c;e v; ty;;t;le t;;tp;y;* k:s;e k:;$;y;c;e he deK;Il m;;iht; n;vht;e. B;;rt;;t;Il s;rk:;rI l|bj; p;Ex;;aB;;v;I m;;e@m;;e@y;; p;>m;;[;;v;r n;v;n;v;In; Wp;F;:m; h;t;;LU x;k:t; n;;hIt;. a;t;; NARI hI s;]sq;; b;;D!Im;;er m;Q;Il j;;|ns; h;|p;ik:ns; Hy;; p;>Ky;;t; iv;ê;p;I@;b;re;b;r aek:F; k:;m; k:r[y;;s;;@I b;;el[;I k:rt; a;he.n;|x;n;l wins!I!y;U! a;|f: heDq;n;e m;dt; k:eleDy;; aek:; ait;x;y; k:@I[; vh|iks;n; !es!I]g; p;>;|j;ek!v;r t;e k:;m; k:rt; a;het;.B;;rt; j;r aeK;;d] s;;ep;], sv;st; , K;Up; m;;e@y;; p;>m;;[;;v;r v;;p;rt;; y;ewl ax;I bl#!es! t;y;;r k:r: x;k:l; t;r t;e K;Up; f:;y;ê;c;] @rel. s;rk:;rn;e r;{!MIy; , s;rk:;rI s;]sq;; v;; iv;ê;p;I@;v;r d#p;[; a;[;Un; h; x;;eQ; l;v;[y;;c;I s;ur:v;;t; k:r;v;I v; y;x;sv;I @rleDy;; s;]sq;es; m;;e@e p;;irt;;e{;k: ê;v;e.

a;p;[; m;r;@I NRI Hy;; Wp;F;:m;;l; k:x;I m;dt; k:r: x;k:U ?

Hy;; j;Un; m;ihny;;t; K;Up; m;r;@I l;ek: s;Ia|!l y;eq;e b;&hn;m;h;r;{!M m;]#L;cy;; aiQ;v;ex;;n;;s;;@I j;m;t;Il./it;q;e a;p;[; B;;rt;;t;Il v; am;eirk:et;Il WT;m;;eT;m; k:l;k:;r;]c;e k:;y;*F;:m;, c;iv;{! K;;êp;d;q;* v; n;eF;s;uK;d;y;k: s;hlI y;;]c;; Wp;B;;eg; G;e~c; p;[; ty;;c; b;r;eb;r a;p;Dy;;l; a;p;Dy;; dex;;t; ae#s;cy;; vh;y;rs;m;uLe s;ur: as;lel; B;I{;[; s;]h;r m;;F; iv;s;r:n; c;;l[;;r n;;hI. 1988 s;;lI s;;y;]!if:k: am;erik:n; Hy;; m;;is;k:;t; r|b;!* g;|l;en;e a;i[; m;;e!egn;Iy;r Hy;;n;I im;LUn; ae#s;iv;{;y;I j;;e irs;c;*p;ep;r ilhIl; he;t;; ty;;t; ty;;]n;I as;] s;;]ig;t;l] a;he k:I j;r ae#s;c;; p;>s;;r q;;]b;;v;;y;c;; as;el t;r l;Ek:r;t; l;Ek:r ag;dI s;ub;;eQ; s;;epy;; x;bd;t; s;m;;j;;l; ae#s;iv;{;y;I m;;iht;I de[; j;r:r a;he. hI aek:c; g;;e{! a;p;[; NRI a;p;Dy;; ip;>y; m;h;r;{!M;s;;@I k:r: x;k:U.

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leK;k: - #;|. y;x;v;]t; k:;rK;;n;Is; yashkarkhanis @yahoo.com
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